Etnis Rohingya merupakan etnis muslim yang bermukim di bagian barat Myanmar, tepatnya di utara negara bagian Rakhine yang juga dikenal dengan nama Arakan. Meskipun telah tinggal berabad-abad di Myanmar pemerintah tetap tidak mengakui mereka sebagai salah satu etnis di Myanmar lantaran dianggap termasuk etnis Bengali, hal ini menyebabkan mereka tidak mendapat kewarganegaraan Myanmar.
Berdasarkan Burma Citizen Law tahun 1982 etnis Rohingya tidak diakui sebagai warga negara lantaran dianggap sebagai imigran ilegal dari Bangladesh. Oleh karenanya dicabutlah hak-hak mereka sebagai warga negara. Sejatinya etnis Rohingya telah mengalami kejahatan genosida sejak tahun 1978. Tindakan ini termasuk ke dalam kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan lantaran telah melanggar Pasal 2 Konvensi Genosida 1948 tentang genosida dan Pasal 7 Statuta Roma.
Berikut beberapa instrumen hukum internasional bagi perlindungan HAM:
- Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia (DUHAM) 1948 Pasal 2, menegaskan bahwa setiap orang berhak atas semua hak dan kebebasan.
- Kovenan Internasional tentang Hak Sipil dan Hak Politik, Maret 1976. Mengatur tentang hak hidup, hak untuk tidak disiksa, diperlakukan atau dihukum secara kejam, tidak manusiawi, direndahkan, hak atas kemerdekaan dan keamanan pribadi.
- Konvensi Hak Anak 1989. Mengatur tentang kepastian perlindungan bagi anak-anak atas segala bentuk diskriminasi atau hukuman yang didasarkan pada status.
- Konvensi Pengungsi 1951. Mengatur hak dan perlindungan bagi para pengungsi.
- Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide berlaku pada 12 Januari 1951 Merupakan perjanjian HAM pertama yang disahkan Majelis Umum PBB, konvensi ini berfokus pada perlindungan minoritas nasional, ras, etnis, agama dari ancaman atas keberadaan mereka.
- International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) 1969. Mengatur tentang Konvensi Internasional tentang penghapusan segala bentuk diskriminasi rasial.
- Statuta Roma 1998. Mengatur yurisdiksi ICC untuk menangani kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan dan genosida yang terjadi kepada etnis Rohingya.
Sebagai Hak yang telah melekat sejak kita baru lahir ke dunia HAM sejatinya merupakan hak yang seharusnya dapat dilindungi dan terjamin pelaksanaannya. Menurut PBB dan Human Rights Watch terdapat begitu banyak pelanggaran HAM berat terjadi terhadap etnis Rohingya. Diantaranya pengusiran dari Myanmar, dibunuh secara massal, larangan beribadah, pembakaran desa, dan lain sebagainya.
Atas hal yang terjadi dunia Internasional tak tinggal diam, upaya resolusi konflik terus dilakukan diantaranya:
- Upaya Amnesty Internasional mengirim surat ke negara-negara tetangga untuk melindungi etnis Rohingya lantaran banyak etnis Rohingya yang mengungsi ke negara tetangga,
- OHCHR (Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights). Bertugas mendorong penegakan hukum terhadap pelanggaran HAM yang telah dilakukan pemerintah Myanmar agar status kewarganegaraan etnis Rohingya dapat diakui, memastikan bahwa etnis Rohingya memiliki akses terhadap makanan, obat-obatan, pakaian, tempat berlindung, layanan sosial, dan lainnya.
- Human Rights Watch. Melindungi hak asasi manusia, mencegah adanya tindakan diskriminasi, menjaga kebebasan berpolitik setiap individu, dan membawa kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manusia ke pengadilan.
- Pemberian sanksi internasional di antaranya pemutusan hubungan ekonomi dan larangan bepergian bagi pejabat Myanmar yang terlibat dalam pelanggaran HAM
Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia sejatinya merupakan tanggung jawab seluruh warga dunia termasuk di dalamnya negara-negara, organisasi internasional, dan masyarakat sipil. Meskipun terdapat instrumen hukum internasional yang dapat digunakan namun tantangan bagi implementasinya masih sulit, mengingat pemerintah Myanmar tidak pernah mengaku terlibat dalam kejahatan ini. Oleh karenanya perlu ada upaya lebih lanjut dari komunitas internasional agar keadilan bagi etnis Rohingya dapat terwujud.
1 thought on “ETNIS ROHINGYA: PERLINDUNGAN HAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM INTERNASIONAL”
Click Here For The Best Real Money Payid Casino
Most major Australian banks support PayID, making it accessible
for nearly all Aussie gamblers. PayID casinos offer Australian players instant deposits, fast withdrawals, and bank-grade security without sharing account details.
These tools ensure that gambling remains a safe, enjoyable activity rather than a harmful one.
Every casino on this list supports Australian dollars as a native currency across all payid pokies real money activity.
The casinos with PayID that made the final list earned their spots through consistent behaviour
across all of those dimensions, not just one standout feature.
The trade‑off is that you need to be realistic about
wagering and withdrawal caps if you chase the full package, but for
payid pokies Australia players who approach it as a structured series of sessions, Slotsgem is one of the strongest bonus-focused casinos with PayID available in 2026.
Pay ID deposits are instant and the PayID withdrawal casino
processing sits within the same-day range for verified accounts under standard review conditions.
The 300% match up to AU$3,000 plus 150 free
spins is one of the more aggressive percentage offers among
the PayID pokies Australia brands tested, and the promotion calendar keeps that value
flowing with regular reloads and spin bundles targeted specifically at
pokies players. We tested each site across multiple cashout
requests, different amounts, and post-KYC conditions so that the rankings below reflect
real PayID withdrawal casino behaviour rather than landing page promises.
Every casino on our list holds a license from a recognised gambling authority.
Some Australian banks, particularly CommBank and Westpac, occasionally
flag transfers to casino accounts. The underlying infrastructure meets the
highest standards of financial security in the country. This
lets you verify you’re sending money to the correct entity before the funds
leave your account. Every transfer is encrypted and authenticated through your bank’s security protocols.
There are currently no fees for payments using a PayID via the CommBank app or Netbank.
You’ll receive a notification once the funds
arrive (if notifications are enabled) Internet connection is needed to access Westpac Online Banking and the Westpac
App. When your PayID is registered, your details (including your
name) will be available to people who use the service and enter your mobile phone PayID.
Real-time payments require both the payer and payee to have Osko enabled accounts.
Yes, and you can use your ABN as your PayID while using your mobile number as your personal PayID.
Pay ID has matured into one of the most practical ways
for Australians to play online casino games with real money,
and the six aussie PayID casinos in this guide represent the strongest
current options across speed, bonus value, game depth, and minimum deposit accessibility.
Pay ID does some of the security work for you by moving sensitive details out of the casino cashier and into your bank’s authenticated environment — but that does
not excuse weak licensing or opaque terms at the casino level.
Pay ID works as a first‑class deposit method at every casino
in this list, which means you can unlock the main welcome offer with a Pay ID deposit and still complete your online casino PayID withdrawal once wagering requirements are met.
Crypto can still win on raw payout speed for large amounts,
and Neosurf or cards can fill niche use cases, but if you want a method
that works smoothly with local banks and keeps both deposits and PayID
withdrawal casino behaviour predictable, Pay ID is the most reliable default choice across aussie PayID casinos in 2026.
The comparison below shows how Pay ID stacks up against the other methods you
are most likely to see in a cashier across casinos with
PayID, so you can decide when to default to Pay ID and when another rail might make more sense for large withdrawals or specialist use cases.
Storing card details across multiple casino cashier
pages introduces security exposure that many security-conscious payid pokies real money
players would rather avoid.
Today, supported by over 15 million Australians, PayID has become a widely accepted payment method among Australian casinos.
PayID offers players the ability to deposit and receive their winnings instantly, as well as a high level of security.
If you’re playing at Australian online casinos,
it’s one of the smartest payment methods available.
In nearly all cases, using PayID gives you full access
to the standard welcome deal—no limitations or reduced value.
The right choice depends on how you play and whether you prefer
payid pokies or table games. Your bank’s security protocols protect PayID transactions and show the recipient’s name before sending.
Australian banks do not charge customers for sending or receiving PayID payments, and most casinos also process PayID deposits and withdrawals without additional fees.
Zhong says people who don’t know anything about PayID and
haven’t yet registered with the service are a prime target for scammers.
CHOICE has spoken to several finance and cyber security experts and their
common conclusion is that a lack of awareness of PayID among consumers is leading to it being co-opted by criminals.
“If you check, there’s an email that looks very much like a bank email saying there’s a problem with your PayID”
References:
https://payidpokies1.com